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views：
from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponsefrom django import forms# 先定义一个Form类class LoginForm(forms.Form): name = forms.CharField( label='用户名', initial='陌生人', strip=True, error_messages={ 'required': '用户名不能为空', } ) # 密码框 password = forms.CharField( label='密码', min_length=6, widget=forms.PasswordInput(render_value=True), error_messages={ 'required': '密码不能为空', 'min_length': '密码不能小于6位', } ) # 单选框 gender = forms.ChoiceField( choices=[(1, '男'), (2, '女'), (3, '保密')], label='性别', initial=3, widget=forms.RadioSelect(), error_messages={ 'required': '请选择性别' } ) # 下拉单选 hobby = forms.ChoiceField( label='爱好', widget=forms.Select(), choices=((1, '篮球'), (2, '足球'), (3, '乒乓球')), initial=2, ) # 多选 hobby2 = forms.MultipleChoiceField( label='爱好2', choices=((1, '摩托车'), (2, '汽车'), (3, '游艇')), initial=[1, 3], widget=forms.SelectMultiple() ) # 单选checkbox keep = forms.ChoiceField( label='是否记住密码', initial='checked', widget=forms.CheckboxInput() ) # 多选checkbox city = forms.ChoiceField( label='居住城市', choices=[(1, '北京'), (2, '天津'), (3, '上海'), (4, '武汉')], initial=4, widget=forms.Select() )# 写一个函数视图def login(request): form_obj = LoginForm() if request.method == 'POST': form_obj = LoginForm(request.POST) if form_obj.is_valid(): pass return render(request, 'app/login.html', { 'form_obj': form_obj}) templates：
Field required=True, 是否允许为空 widget=None, HTML插件 label=None, 用于生成Label标签或显示内容 initial=None, 初始值 help_text='', 帮助信息(在标签旁边显示) error_messages=None, 错误信息 {'required': '不能为空', 'invalid': '格式错误'} validators=[], 自定义验证规则 localize=False, 是否支持本地化 disabled=False, 是否可以编辑 label_suffix=None Label内容后缀CharField(Field) max_length=None, 最大长度 min_length=None, 最小长度 strip=True 是否移除用户输入空白 IntegerField(Field) max_value=None, 最大值 min_value=None, 最小值DecimalField(IntegerField) max_value=None, 最大值 min_value=None, 最小值 max_digits=None, 总长度 decimal_places=None, 小数位长度 DateField(BaseTemporalField) 格式：2015-09-01TimeField(BaseTemporalField) 格式：11:12DateTimeField(BaseTemporalField)格式：2015-09-01 11:12 RegexField(CharField) regex, 自定制正则表达式 max_length=None, 最大长度 min_length=None, 最小长度 error_message=None, 忽略，错误信息使用 error_messages={'invalid': '...'}ChoiceField(Field) choices=(), 选项，如：choices = ((0,'上海'),(1,'北京'),) required=True, 是否必填 widget=None, 插件，默认select插件 label=None, Label内容 initial=None, 初始值 help_text='', 帮助提示 RegexValidator验证器from django.core.validators import RegexValidatorno = forms.CharField( label='员工编号', validators=[RegexValidator(r'^[0-9]+', '请输入数字'), RegexValidator('^110[0-9]+$', '请以110开头')]) import refrom django.core.exceptions import ValidationErrordef mobile_validate(value): mobile_re = re.compile(r'^1[2356789]{1}[0-9]{9}$') if not mobile_re.match(value): raise ValidationError('手机号格式错误')class LoginForm(forms.Form): mobile = forms.CharField( label='手机号', validators=[mobile_validate, ], error_messages={ 'required': '手机号不能为空', } ) 在Fom类中定义 clean_字段名()方法，就能够实现对特定字段进行校验
class LoginForm(forms.Form): description = forms.CharField( label='内容描述', initial='暂无描述', min_length=4, error_messages={ 'required': '不能为空', 'invalid': '格式错误', 'min_length': '最少评论4个字' } ) def clean_description(self): value = self.cleaned_data.get('description') if '666' in value: raise ValidationError('请不要喊666') else: return value 在Fom类中定义clean()方法，就能够实现对字段进行全局校验
class LoginForm(forms.Form): # 密码框 password = forms.CharField( label='密码', min_length=6, widget=forms.PasswordInput(), error_messages={ 'required': '密码不能为空', 'min_length': '密码不能小于6位', } ) repassword = forms.CharField( label='请再次输入密码', min_length=6, widget=forms.PasswordInput(), error_messages={ 'required': '密码不能为空', 'min_length': '密码不能小于6位', } ) def clean(self): password_value = self.cleaned_data.get('password') repassword_value = self.cleaned_data.get('repassword') if password_value == repassword_value: return self.cleaned_data else: self.add_error('repassword', '两次密码不一致') 在执行form_obj.is_valid()进行判断
进入is_valid方法
def is_valid(self): """ Returns True if the form has no errors. Otherwise, False. If errors are being ignored, returns False. """ return self.is_bound and not self.errors
self.is_bound判断是否有数据
self.errors判断是否有错误信息
进入errors属性方法
@propertydef errors(self): "Returns an ErrorDict for the data provided for the form" if self._errors is None: self.full_clean() return self._errors
进入full_clean方法
self._errors存放错误信息
cleaned_data存放验证通过的数据
def full_clean(self): """ Cleans all of self.data and populates self._errors and self.cleaned_data. """ self._errors = ErrorDict() if not self.is_bound: # Stop further processing. return self.cleaned_data = { } # If the form is permitted to be empty, and none of the form data has # changed from the initial data, short circuit any validation. if self.empty_permitted and not self.has_changed(): return self._clean_fields() self._clean_form() self._post_clean() 执行_clean_fields方法，循环每个字段，分别校验
def _clean_fields(self): for name, field in self.fields.items(): # value_from_datadict() gets the data from the data dictionaries. # Each widget type knows how to retrieve its own data, because some # widgets split data over several HTML fields. if field.disabled: value = self.get_initial_for_field(field, name) else: value = field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.data, self.files, self.add_prefix(name)) try: if isinstance(field, FileField): initial = self.get_initial_for_field(field, name) value = field.clean(value, initial) else: value = field.clean(value) self.cleaned_data[name] = value if hasattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name): value = getattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name)() self.cleaned_data[name] = value except ValidationError as e: self.add_error(name, e)
执行_clean_form方法
def _clean_form(self): try: cleaned_data = self.clean() except ValidationError as e: self.add_error(None, e) else: if cleaned_data is not None: self.cleaned_data = cleaned_data
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